Mechanics of Interfacial Cracks between dissimilar Quasicrystals

We analize the steady propagation of a straight interfacial crack between two dissimilar planar quasicrystals in pure elastic setting and infinitesimal deformation regime. A closed form solution to the balance equations is furnished. Inertia is attributed only to the macroscopic motio

Periodontitis periapical sintomática y agranulocitosis por analgésicos

Se presentó un caso de agranulocitosis en una paciente de 62 años, atribuible a ingesta continuada de analgésicos sin prescripción, para tratar el dolor debido a periodontitis periapical sintomática. Se realizó tratamiento de conductos radiculares. Dada la escasa incidencia de agranulocitosis por analgésicos a pesar de la frecuente utilización de los mismos, hemos creído de interés su publicación ya que este efecto indeseable puede ser grave o incluso mortal en algún caso. A pesar de conocerse los efectos indeseables de los analgésicos, la automedicación en los pacientes sigue siendo frecuente. Debido al diagnóstico y al tratamiento precoces de la enfermedad, este caso evolucionó favorablemente hasta la total recuperación de la paciente

Analysis of the impact of wildland-urban-interface fires on LPG domestic tanks

Managing Wildland-Urban-Interface (WUI) fires is a challenging task due to the inherent complexity of the WUI environment. To ensure the success of strategies for the protection of population and structures, safety measures have to be implemented at different scales (landscape, community and homeowner). The present study is focused on the homeowner scale and deals with the threat related to the presence of LPG domestic tanks in a WUI fire scenario. Recent accidents have demonstrated that the risk associated with this type of installation is real, but often disregarded by residents. A methodology was developed, providing a set of indicators that may easily be compared with risk acceptance criteria, assessing whether the integrity of an LPG tank exposed to WUI fire scenarios is compromised or not. The methodology is applicable to a vast range of situations and at a different level of detail according to available data. A number of case studies were carried out, showing that WUI fire scenarios impacting on domestic LPG tanks complying with regulations currently adopted in several Mediterranean countries cannot be deemed safe. The methodology proposed represents an advanced tool to assist on safety distances sizing to be prescribed by standards, driving regulators towards better-informed decision-making

An Evolutionarily Young Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) Endogenous Retrovirus Identified from Next Generation Sequence Data

Transcriptome analysis of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) tissues identified sequences with similarity to Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERV). Based on these sequences, four proviral copies and 15 solo long terminal repeats (LTRs) of a newly described endogenous retrovirus were characterized from the polar bear draft genome sequence. Closely related sequences were identified by PCR analysis of brown bear (Ursus arctos) and black bear (Ursus americanus) but were absent in non-Ursinae bear species. The virus was therefore designated UrsusERV. Two distinct groups of LTRs were observed including a recombinant ERV that contained one LTR belonging to each group indicating that genomic invasions by at least two UrsusERV variants have recently occurred. Age estimates based on proviral LTR divergence and conservation of integration sites among ursids suggest the viral group is only a few million years old. The youngest provirus was polar bear specific, had intact open reading frames (ORFs) and could potentially encode functional proteins. Phylogenetic analyses of UrsusERV consensus protein sequences suggest that it is part of a pig, gibbon and koala retrovirus clade. The young age estimates and lineage specificity of the virus suggests UrsusERV is a recent cross species transmission from an unknown reservoir and places the viral group among the youngest of ERVs identified in mammals

ERMA : Un outil d'aide à la décision dans les situations d'urgence

National audienc

Ecological niche and phylogeography elucidate complex biogeographic patterns in Loxosceles rufescens (Araneae, Sicariidae) in the Mediterranean Basin

Background: Understanding the evolutionary history of morphologically cryptic species complexes is difficult, and made even more challenging when geographic distributions have been modified by human-mediated dispersal. This situation is common in the Mediterranean Basin where, aside from the environmental heterogeneity of the region, protracted human presence has obscured the biogeographic processes that shaped current diversity. Loxosceles rufescens (Araneae, Sicariidae) is an ideal example: native to the Mediterranean, the species has dispersed worldwide via cohabitation with humans. A previous study revealed considerable molecular diversity, suggesting cryptic species, but relationships among lineages did not correspond to geographic location. Results: Delimitation analyses on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I identified 11 different evolutionary lineages, presenting two contrasting phylogeographic patterns: (1) lineages with well-structured populations in Morocco and Iberia, and (2) lineages lacking geographic structure across the Mediterranean Basin. Dating analyses placed main diversification events in the Pleistocene, and multiple Pleistocene refugia, identified using ecological niche modeling (ENM), are compatible with allopatric differentiation of lineages. Human-mediated transportation appears to have complicated the current biogeography of this medically important and synanthropic spider. Conclusions: We integrated ecological niche models with phylogeographic analyses to elucidate the evolutionary history of L. rufescens in the Mediterranean Basin, with emphasis on the origins of mtDNA diversity. We found support for the hypothesis that northern Africa was the center of origin for L. rufescens, and that current genetic diversity originated in allopatry, likely promoted by successive glaciations during the Pleistocene. We corroborated the scenario of multiple refugia within the Mediterranean, principally in northern Africa, combining results from eight atmosphereocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) with two different refugium-delimitation methodologies. ENM results were useful for providing general views of putative refugia, with fine-scale details depending on the level of stringency applied for agreement among models

GEOMETRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF LIQUID CORE FIBERS BY MEASUREMENT OF THERMALLY INDUCED MODE CUTOFFS AND INTERFERENCE

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Multicore resource management

Current resource management mechanisms and policies are inadequate for future multicore systems. Instead, a hardware/software interface based on the virtual private machine abstraction would allow software policies to explicitly manage microarchitecture resources. VPM policies, implemented primarily in software, translate application and system objectives into VPM resource assignments. Then, VPM mechanisms securely multiplex, arbitrate, or distribute hardware resources to satisfy the VPM assignments.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Computational analysis of fire dynamics inside a wind turbine

Wind turbines are generally considered cost-effective, reliable and sustainable energy sources. Fires are not common in wind turbines, but a significant number of fires occur every year due to the large number of turbines installed. Wind turbine fires are difficult to extinguish hence significant damage is expected. Due to the unmanned operation, the probability of a turbine being occupied during a fire is very low. However, operators can do several tasks every week, and hence be exposed to a certain risk. Moreover, there is a general lack of information about how a fire develops inside a wind turbine and the subsequent evolution of the tenability conditions during the time required for an eventual evacuation. Gamesa has been working on fire safety since 2013, using CFD fire modelling to provide insights on wind turbine fire development for the design of emergency procedures. The paper describes a fire hazard analysis performed in a Gamesa’s 2.5 MW turbine. A CFD simulation is carried out to estimate the effects during the first minutes of a typical wind turbine fire in an electrical cabinet. Results show that average oxygen concentration at the nacelle remains above 19.5% during the first 10 min; temperature remains below 60°C for 12 min if measured at 1.5 m; and visibility is on average assured at heights lower than 1.5 m, with values above 5 m during the first 8 min in worse locations, implying no danger for personnel. The potential of this type of analysis to design safer wind turbines under performance-based approaches is clearly demonstrated.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Nonholonomic Hamilton-Jacobi Theory via Chaplygin Hamiltonization

We develop Hamilton-Jacobi theory for Chaplygin systems, a certain class of nonholonomic mechanical systems with symmetries, using a technique called Hamiltonization, which transforms nonholonomic systems into Hamiltonian systems. We give a geometric account of the Hamiltonization, identify necessary and sufficient conditions for Hamiltonization, and apply the conventional Hamilton-Jacobi theory to the Hamiltonized systems. We show, under a certain sufficient condition for Hamiltonization, that the solutions to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation associated with the Hamiltonized system also solve the nonholonomic Hamilton-Jacobi equation associated with the original Chaplygin system. The results are illustrated through several examples.Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of Geometry and Physic